Fiscal Structure Decision Memo โ Own 501(c)(3) vs Fiscal Sponsor
Owner: Board / Finance Committee
No decision has been made yet โ this document exists to force one before any money moves. CPD requires a PAC that solicits or receives funds to hold either its own qualifying federal tax-exempt status or use an approved third-party fiscal sponsor. Two real paths, with real tradeoffs:
Path A โ Own 501(c)(3). File IRS Form 1023-EZ (if eligible; roughly $275 filing fee, weeks-to-months processing) or the full Form 1023 (higher fee, longer review, needed if projected revenue or complexity exceeds 1023-EZ thresholds) after Illinois incorporation and EIN (Phase 1). Gives the Council full control over its own funds, its own bank account, and its own annual Form 990 filing obligation โ but requires sustained compliance capacity (a Treasurer willing to own annual filings) and a delay between incorporation and actually being able to accept tax-deductible gifts.
Path B โ Fiscal Sponsorship. A qualified 501(c)(3) holds funds on the Council's behalf under a written agreement (4-02), typically charging a fee (often 5โ10% of funds processed) in exchange for immediate tax-deductible giving capacity, its own accounting/990 filing, and reduced Council-side administrative burden โ at the cost of the sponsor retaining legal control over the funds and some approval authority over spending. CPD's own current PAC Guidelines name a concrete example of what it considers acceptable here: "the Chicago Parks Foundation, or another organization offering fiscal sponsorship services."
Decision criteria the Board should actually weigh, not just the two paths in the abstract: (1) Capacity โ does the Council have, or can it realistically recruit, a Treasurer willing to own annual 990 filings and IRS correspondence indefinitely, or would that responsibility be more reliably absorbed by a sponsor's back office in year one while the Council is still finding its footing? (2) Timeline โ Path A's exemption-application lag (weeks for 1023-EZ, months for full 1023) means any near-term fundraising or grant application effectively requires Path B first, even if Path A is the eventual destination. (3) Control โ Path B means real donor funds sit outside the Council's direct signatory authority (Article 17) until the sponsor releases them; the Fiscal Sponsorship Agreement (4-02) is where that tension gets negotiated, not assumed away. (4) Reversibility โ a Council that starts under Path B is not locked in; converting to Path A later (once capacity and a filing history exist) is a normal, common transition, and this memo should be revisited whenever circumstances materially change, not just once at formation.
This memo is where the Board records which path it selects, why, and when, along with the vote and date โ and until it's completed, the Council should not represent to any donor, sponsor, or grantor that either path is settled, and should not accept funds through either path until the corresponding downstream documents (4-02 for Path B; 4-03/4-04 for Path A) are actually in place.